It stands to reason that for students who have problems with executive functions (attention, self-control, working memory, etc.), improving those skills will improve their academic performance. In fact, a lot of businesses are betting on that. From computer games to special exercise programs, a host of products and services have hit the market promising better student outcomes.

Not so fast, according a new study reported in the Education Week blog, Inside School Research. “While better working memory, attention, and control are associated with higher academic achievement,” writes blogger Sarah D. Sparks, “so far there’s no evidence that improving executive function causes a boost in academics.”

These findings are based on a systematic review of 67 studies that explored the relationship between executive function and achievement among children ages 2 to 18 years old.

Big Business

According to the blog post, one market research firm estimated that the market for “brain-fitness software” is growing, citing a 31% increase in these training programs between 2005 and 2009.

But buyer beware, says Robin T. Jacob, one of the study’s co-authors: “I don’t think the research is there to invest heavily in programs to improve executive function if your primary goal is to improve academic achievement. In fact, there’s some evidence if you intervene in academics, you will get improvements to [executive function] along the way.”